How We Learn - The Four Stages of Learning and Competence
Wednesday, July 30th, 2008Have you ever tried to learn something new, and gone through that really irritating phase when everything you did seemed wrong, you had two left feet instead of hands, nothing made sense and all you wanted to do was throw in the towel and quit? I know I certainly have, and I’m willing to bet that you’ve experienced it too! But the really good thing is that this feeling is normal. Yes, normal! Everyone feels it at some point, and it’s actually just one of the stages of learning something new.
Whenever we attempt to learn something new, we move through four different stages:
Unconscious Incompetence
Conscious Incompetence
Conscious Competence
Unconscious Competence
The first stage is Unconscious Incompetence, where you don’t know that you don’t know! Ah, blissful ignorance! Unfortunately, this stage very quickly gives way to…
Conscious Incompetence, where we know that we don’t know, we know we’re doing it wrong, however we don’t yet have the skills, knowledge or dexterity required for the task. This tends to be the stage where we want to quit, we get annoyed and irritated and our self talk is often negative.
Conscious Competence is where we know what and how, still, we have to think through each action as we go. Left foot moves here, right foot here, swing around, watch the door, keep balanced, etc. We know that we know how, we’re just not yet at stage four.
Unconscious Competence is where we can do something automatically, almost without thinking! Hooray! This is the stage where to an onlooker everything looks easy! If you think back to learning to drive, do you remember having to consciously think about putting the clutch in, change the gears, let the clutch out etc? How’s your driving now? My guess is that you don’t think about it much at all, you’ve moved into Unconscious Competence, where your actions and reactions are automatic!
So next time you’re learning something new, or helping someone else learn something, keep an eye out for which stage of learning they’re at. If you or they are frustrated, remind yourself (and them!) of the stages of learning and that it is just a stage, with practice you’ll move past it!
Did you enjoy this post? If so, please consider buying me a coffee!


